Pain & Anxiety Management

1.1 Scope and objectives

1.2 Definitions and key concepts

1.3 Assessment frameworks

2.1 Orofacial pain pathways (UG level)

2.2 Differentiating pain sources

3.1 LA pharmacology essentials

3.2 Topical anaesthesia

3.3 Injection techniques (high-yield clinical skill)

3.4 Managing difficult anaesthesia (hot tooth)

3.5 LA complications and management

4.1 Paracetamol (acetaminophen)

4.2 NSAIDs

4.3 Opioids (restricted/limited UG use)

4.4 Multimodal analgesia

4.5 Prescribing principles

5.1 Pulpitis and apical periodontitis

5.2 Acute apical abscess / cellulitis

5.3 Pericoronitis pain

5.4 Post-operative pain

5.5 Post-endodontic flare-up

5.6 Orofacial pain not of dental origin

6.1 Building rapport and trust; 6.2 Anxiety-reduction techniques; 6.3 Needle phobia management; 6.4 Gag reflex management

7.1 Inhalation sedation (nitrous oxide/oxygen)

7.2 Oral sedation (awareness; protocol-dependent)

7.3 IV sedation (awareness / usually specialist-delivered)

7.4 General anaesthesia (GA) in dentistry

8.1 Pre-sedation assessment basics

8.2 Monitoring

8.3 Drug interactions and special populations

9.1 Vasovagal syncope

9.2 Hyperventilation / panic attack

9.3 Acute stress reactions